Band-stop filters are also called band-elimination, band-reject, or notch filters; this kind of filter passes all frequencies above and below a particular range set by the component values. This type of filters can be made out of a low-pass and a high-pass filter, just like the band-pass design, except that the two filter sections are connected in parallel with each other instead of in series.
The low-pass filter section is comprised of R1, R2, and C1 in a “T” configuration. The high pass filter section is comprised of C2, C3, and R3 in a “T” configuration as well. Together, this arrangement is commonly known as a “Twin-T” filter, giving sharp response when the component values are chosen in the following ratios:
Component value ratios for the "Twin-T" band-stop filter
R1 = R2 = 2(R3)
C2 = C3 = (0.5) C1
The frequency of maximum rejection (the “notch frequency”) can be calculated as follows:
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