ELECTRICITY :BASICS

GENERAL PHYSICS PRINCIPLES BEHIND THE ELECTRICITY:

Scientists revealed 92 different kinds of fundamental substances in nature called elements. Each element is made up of tiny particles known as its atom. Atoms of different elements are always different.

The atom consists of proton , neutron and the electron. The main part of an atom is the nucleus that consists of proton and the neutron. The number of protons in an element’s nucleus gives, the atomic number, The atomic weight of an element is approximately equal to the sum of the number of protons and the number of neutrons in the nucleus. Electrons are the particles having opposite electric charge from the protons are Surrounding the nucleus of an atom .Electrons can move rather easily from one atom to another in some materials. In other substances, it is difficult to get electrons to move. But in any case, it is far easier to move electrons than it is to move protons. Electricity almost always results, in some way, from the motion of electrons in a material.

Different elements join together to share electrons which the results in a chemical compound.There are about thousands of different chemical compounds that occur in nature.When atoms of elements join together to form a compound, the resulting particles are molecules.All matter, whether it is solid, liquid, or gas, is made of molecules.In a solid, the molecules are interlocked in a sort of rigid pattern, although they vibrate continuously . In a liquid, molecules are loosely packed and these molecules slide around. In a gas, molecules are whizzing all over the place, bumping into each other.